-ring of fire consists mainly of composite cones
-2nd group contains many active submarine volcanoes
3rd group includes volcanic structures that are irregularly distributed in the interiors of the continents
-volcanism on continents is the most diverse
-connection between plate tectonics and and volcanism
-plate motions provide the mechanisms by which mantle rocks melt to generate magma
-igneous activity located...
-along convergent plate boundaries
-along divergent plate boundaries
-areas within plates
-volcanic arc-linear or slightly curved chain of volcanoes
-can be constructed on oceanic, or continental, lithosphere.
-greatest volume of magma is produced along the oceanic ridge system thats associated with the seafloor spreading
-when continental lithosphere is being pulled apart, it forms continental rift
-intraplate volcanism- within the plate
-mantle plume- a mass of hotter than normal mantle material
-when the plume head nears the top of the mantle, decompression melting generates basaltic magma that results in a hot spot
-mantle plumes are responsible for vast outpourings of basaltic lava
-VOLCANIC HAZARDS
-pyroclastic flows=hot mixtures of gas, ash and pumice, give people little chance of survival
-lahars-mixtures of volcanic debris and water
-4 most noticeable changes in a volcanic landscape
1.-changes in the pattern of volcanic earthquakes
2.-expansion of a near surface magma chamber
3.-changes in the amout/composition of gases
4.-increase ingraound temp.
goal of monitoring techniques is to discover precursors that may warn of a imminent eruption
-2nd group contains many active submarine volcanoes
3rd group includes volcanic structures that are irregularly distributed in the interiors of the continents
-volcanism on continents is the most diverse
-connection between plate tectonics and and volcanism
-plate motions provide the mechanisms by which mantle rocks melt to generate magma
-igneous activity located...
-along convergent plate boundaries
-along divergent plate boundaries
-areas within plates
-volcanic arc-linear or slightly curved chain of volcanoes
-can be constructed on oceanic, or continental, lithosphere.
-greatest volume of magma is produced along the oceanic ridge system thats associated with the seafloor spreading
-when continental lithosphere is being pulled apart, it forms continental rift
-intraplate volcanism- within the plate
-mantle plume- a mass of hotter than normal mantle material
-when the plume head nears the top of the mantle, decompression melting generates basaltic magma that results in a hot spot
-mantle plumes are responsible for vast outpourings of basaltic lava
-VOLCANIC HAZARDS
-pyroclastic flows=hot mixtures of gas, ash and pumice, give people little chance of survival
-lahars-mixtures of volcanic debris and water
-4 most noticeable changes in a volcanic landscape
1.-changes in the pattern of volcanic earthquakes
2.-expansion of a near surface magma chamber
3.-changes in the amout/composition of gases
4.-increase ingraound temp.
goal of monitoring techniques is to discover precursors that may warn of a imminent eruption